PREFERENTIAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE

The first half of this decade has witnessed an explosion in the creation and rejuvenation of preferential trading arrangements. Indeed, since 1990, 33 regional agreements have been notified to the GATT. An understanding of the basic structure of these agreements within the Western Hemisphere is critical to the ex ante assessment of the potential impacts of a Western Hemisphere Free Trade Agreement (WHFTA) on individual countries and groups, as well as specific sectors such as agriculture and food processing.International Relations/Trade,

Movement and Microdistribution of Sida Crystallina and Other Littoral Microcrustacea

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/119086/1/ecy19816251341.pd

Notes of Travel. IX. A Precocious Poplar Branch

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POLICY HARMONIZATION, CONVERGENCE, AND COMPATIBILITY ISSUES IN NORTH AMERICAN HORTICULTURE

Agricultural and Food Policy,

Preferential mobilization and egress of Type 1 and Type 3 innate lymphocytes in response to exercise and hypoxia

The study examined the effect of exercise and hypoxia on the mobilization and egress of innate lymphocytes (ILCs) and adaptive T cell populations in the blood. The ILCs have emerged as a critical population of cells in immune regulation at mucosal surfaces in animals and humans. Eleven healthy male subjects performed (i) 45 min of exercise at 50% VO2 peak on a cycle ergometer under normoxia and (ii) hypoxia, or (iii) while resting in hypoxia. Blood samples were obtained pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise and 60 min post-exercise and were analyzed by flow cytometry to examine the type 1 and type 3 ILCs and CD4+ and CD8+ naive and memory cell populations. There was a significant increase in the number of type 1 (NK cells) and type 3 ILC22 cells in the blood in response to exercise under normal oxygen conditions followed by a significant egress of these cells following the cessation of exercise. Exercise performed under hypoxic conditions abrogated the mobilization response of NK cells and ILC22 cells. Type 3 LTi cells were mobilized into the blood only under hypoxic rest conditions. No significant changes were observed when we analysed total CD4+ and CD8+T cell populations or the naive and memory subsets. This study highlights that distinct innate populations are mobilised under different environmental conditions and types of stress

Agribusiness Capstone Courses Design: Objectives and Strategies

This paper discusses the benefits of using strategic management principles as the cornerstone for building the agribusiness capstone experience. The necessity for agribusiness firms to create and implement strategies that build a sustainable competitive advantage in turn necessitates the development of strategic management skills in the leaders/managers of the future. As such, the objectives of a capstone course lean heavily toward the integrative development of strategic decision-making competence. This has a number of implications for the capstone professor in terms of course content, pedagogies, and subsequent measurement of student performance.Agribusiness, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

Population responses of plant-associated invertebrates to foraging by largemouth bass fry ( Micropterus salmoides )

The effect of foraging by largemouth bass fry ( Micropterus salmoides ) upon invertebrates associated with aquatic macrophytes was determined using six 4 m 2 exclosures in Cochran Lake, Michigan during June 1978. The cladoceran Sida crystallina rapidly declined in exclosures with fry, but increased in control exclosures without fry. Chironomids and chydorids showed little change in the exclosures.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42922/1/10750_2004_Article_BF02185432.pd